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Nikola Mirković, Luka Crnogorac, Katarina Urošević

PRIMENA DIGITALNE FOTOGRAMETRIJE U RUDNIKU RUDNIK

XI MEĐUNARODNA KONFERENCIJA CCM 2023

Prof. dr Vladimir Pavlović

Jugoslovenski komitet za površinsku eksploataciju

2023

Digitalna fotogrametrija, lasersko skeniranje i virtuelizacija sve više pronalaze aktivne uloge u rudarstvu, prvenstveno zbog svoje široke mogućnosti primene. Laserskim skeniranjem i fotogrametrijom snimaju se i kreiraju 3D modeli otkopa, jamskih hodnika, površinskih kopova, površinskih objekata (zgrada, spomenika, predmeta), a vrši se skeniranje celih rudnika koji se rekonstruišu u 3D digitalne modele. Fotogrametrija predstavlja proces fotografisanja objekata pomoću
fotoaparata i daljom obradom fotografija u različitim softverskim alatima kreiraju se realne kopije 3D modela objekata ili predmeta u digitalnoj formi. Za razvoj kvalitetnih 3D modela neophodno je obezbediti laserske skenere vrhunskog kvaliteta, kao i prateću računarsku opremu (hardver i softver) koja može brzo da obradi ogromnu količinu podataka i formira oblake tačaka visoke gustine. Nabavka takve opreme predstavlja relativno visok finansijski izdatak i u manjim rudnicima se smatra nepotrebnim troškom. Za potrebe ovog rada, korišćena je oprema kojom kompanija Rudnik i flotacija Rudnik doo već raspolaže i pojedini softverski paketi koji su otvorenog pristupa. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom istraživanju pokazali su da se korišćenjem najosnovnije opreme (koja ne zahteva dodatne finansijske investicije kompanije) mogu dobiti 3D modeli podzemnih prostorija koji su na zadovoljavajućem nivou za potrebe geološkog kartiranja u jami, uvida menadžmenta i inženjera u stanje jamskih prostorija i ocene kvaliteta izvedenih rudarskih radova. Pored pomenutog, razvijeni 3D modeli podzemnih prostorija i mehanizacije mogu se koristiti u edukativne svrhe, kao pomoć prilikom obuke đaka, studenata i novih zaposlenih u rudniku i za potrebe muzeja kao arhivski prikazi rudnika dostupan široj javnosti.

Digital photogrammetry, laser scanning and virtualization are increasingly finding active roles in mining, primarily due to their wide application possibilities. With laser scanning and photogrammetry, 3D models of excavations, underground roadways, open-pit mines, surface objects (buildings,
monuments, objects) are photographed and created, and whole mines are scanned and reconstructed into 3D digital models. Photography is the process of photographing objects using a camera and by further processing the photos in various software tools, realistic copies of 3D models of objects or tools are created in digital form. For the development of high-quality 3D models, it is necessary to provide top-quality laser scanners, as well as supporting computer equipment (hardware and software) that can quickly process a huge amount of data and form high density point clouds. The acquisition of such equipment represents a relatively high financial expenditure and is considered an unnecessary expense in smaller mines. For the purpose of this paper, the equipment that the company Rudnik and flotation Rudnik doo already has and some software packages that are open source were used. The results obtained in this research showed that by using the basic equipment (which does not require additional financial investments of the company), 3D models of underground spaces can be obtained that are at a satisfactory level for the needs of geological mapping in the mine, insight of management and engineers
into the state of underground spaces and quality assessment of performed mining works. In addition to the above, the developed 3D models of underground spaces and mechanization can be used for educational purposes, as an aid during the training of high school and university students and new employees in the mine and for the needs of the museum as archival displays of the mine available to the public.

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120

978-86-83497-30-0

digitalna fotogrametrija, prostorna vizuelizacija, rudarski objekti, podzemna eksploatacija

digital photogrammetry, spatial visualization, mining facilities, underground exploitation

М30

М33

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