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513 items

  • Prirodno prečišćavanje i stimulisana bioremedijacija podzemnih voda zagađenih naftnim ugljovodonicima

    Nenad M. Marić (2016-09-26)
    Disertacija se konceptualno sastoji iz dva dela kojima je obuhvaćen pasivan (prirodnoprečišćavanje) i aktivan remedijacioni pristup (stimulisana bioremedijacija) kodpodzemnih voda zagađenih naftnim ugljovodonicima.U prvom delu disertacije prikazani su rezultati osmatranja procesa prirodnogprečišćavanja u podzemnim vodama na lokaciji istorijskog zagađenja kerozinom.Tragovi zagađenja naftnim ugljovodonicima pronađeni su 20 godina nakon prosipanjakerozina. Ovo je stvorilo osnovu za proučavanje efekata dugotrajne izloženostipodzemnih voda procesima biodegradacije u terenskim uslovima. Uočeno je da sesnižene koncentracije elektron akceptora (O2, NO3-, SO42-) i povišene koncentracijemetaboličkih produkata biodegradacije ...
    podzemne vode, naftni ugljovodonici, kerozin, prirodno prečišćavanje,stimulisana bioremedijacija
    ... postojanje zone zasićenja u samoj izdani, dok se zona zasićenja LNAPL fazom nalazi u nadizdanskoj zoni. Tako se LNAPL faza razliva po površini izdani, formirajući plutajući sloj u pravcu kretanja podzemnih voda. S obzirom na ograničenu rastvorljivost naftnih ugljovodonika, postojanje zona zasićenja ...
    ... sastava podzemnih voda - jun 2013: (I) zona uticaja biodegradacije n.u.; (II) zona van uticaja biodegradacije n.u. Slika 4.14. Pajperov dijagram hemijskog sastava podzemnih voda - septembar 2013: (I) zona uticaja biodegradacije n.u.; (II) zona van uticaja biodegradacije n.u. Nenad ...
    ... osmatranja prirodnog prečišćavanja (Wiedemeier et al., 2006) Prema ovom konceptu možemo razlikovati: zonu izvora NAPL faze, zonu rasprostranjenja rastvorenog zagađujućeg "tela" i zonu izmenjenih geohemijskih uslova. Uzorkovanje uzvodno od izvora zagađenja može da ukaže na promene koje bi mogle ...

  • Validation of vulnerability assessment by means of the Time Dependent, Model: case study from the Slovenian karst catchment

    Vladimir Živanović, Nataša Ravbar, Igor Jemcov (2019)
    Groundwater vulnerability assessment methods are continuously being developed and existing methods are very often modified to provide better simulation of natural protection conditions and more objective results. Most frequently used methods are based on calculation of predefined parameters influencing water infiltration and underground flow, which can often lead to bias conclusions related to vulnerability evaluations. Some other methods, like the Time Dependent Model (TDM) are based on an approach, where parametrization is obtained at the final stage of the ...
    Ocena ranjivosti podzemnih voda, karstne podzemne vode, TDM metoda, delineacija sanitarnih zona, Slovenački karst

  • Determination of Mechanical Properties of Altered Dacite by Laboratory Methods

    Veljko Rupar, Vladimir Čebašek, Vladimir Milisavljević, Dejan Stevanović, Nikola Živanović (2021)
    This paper presents a methodology for determining the uniaxial and triaxial compressive strength of heterogeneous material composed of dacite (D) and altered dacite (AD). A zone of gradual transition from altered dacite to dacite was observed in the rock mass. The mechanical properties of the rock material in that zone were determined by laboratory tests of composite samples that consisted of rock material discs. However, the functional dependence on the strength parameter alteration of the rock material (UCS, intact ...
    Geology, Geotechnical Engineering, Engineering Geology
    ... material in this zone (extrusive igneous rocks) concluded that the alterations in the rock mass occurred gradually (Figure 1). Subsequent interpretation of geological structure (Figure 1) singled out three zones: altered dacite, transitional zone, and compact dacite. The transition zone represented the ...
    ... The first zone includes test results of dacite specimens (0% AD) and composite specimens with 10% and 30% volumetric participation of altered dacite. In this zone, the UCS-σci UCS and intact UCS- σci TX decreases exponentially from the initial value (100%) to around 37%. In the second zone, the composite ...
    ... of heterogeneous material composed of dacite (D) and altered dacite (AD). A zone of gradual transition from altered dacite to dacite was observed in the rock mass. The mechanical properties of the rock material in that zone were determined by laboratory tests of composite samples that consisted of rock ...

  • Tectonic evolution of the Vršac Mts. (NE Serbia): Inferences from field kinematic and microstructural investigations

    Uroš Stojadinović, Nemanja Krstekanić, Bojan Kostić, Marija Ružić, Aleksa Luković (2021)
    The Vršac Mts. in NE Serbia represent the key area to investigate structural relations between the Northern Serbo-Macedonian Subunit and Supragetic Unit of the Dacia Mega-Unit. The geodynamic events during the Variscan orogeny in the Late Paleozoic colligated the two units and led to their metamorphic differentiation. The Late Cretaceous extension exhumed the medium-grade Serbo-Macedonian metamorphic rocks and structurally juxtaposed them against the low-grade metamorphosed basement of the Supragetic Unit along an E-dipping shear zone, which outcrops in the ...
    severna srpsko-makedonska subjedinica, supragetikum, kinematska analiza, multifazna ekstenzionalna deformacija
    ... nian/Supragetic extensional shear zone was reactivated in post-Cretaceous times as a brittle dextral strike-slip fault zone, probably with not very high offset as we are still able to observe the initial structures. Due to the dextral drag within the fault zone and in its close vicinity, obliquely ...
    ... a M o ra v a J u žn a M o ra v a J u žn a M o ra v a T i m o k Z o n e T i m o k Z o n e S redna G ora S redna G ora Zone Zone S o u t h C a r p a t h i a n s S o u t h C a r p a t h i a n s ZagajicaDepression ZagajicaDepression P an nonian Basin P an nonian Basin ...
    ... footwall and low-grade green- schists of the Supragetic Unit in the hanging-wall of the E-dipping shear zone at their contact (Fig. 3). According to our interpretation, this ductile extensional shear zone predates brittle strike-slip and extensional deformation and, in correla- tion with other studies elsewhere ...

  • Numerical modeling of Selanac debris flow propagation using SPH code

    Jelka Krušić, Biljana Abolmasov, Miloš Marjanović, Manuel Pastor, Saeid M. Tayyebi (2021)
    The Selanac debris flow is a very huge event triggered after extreme rainfall caused by Cyclone Tamara activity in the Republic of Serbia in May 2014. The Selanac case study was already modelling in different programs using Voellmy rheology assumptions like RAMMS software. In this paper research are focusing particularly on the process of debris flowing from initiation zone to main deposition area using Geoflow SPH two-phase model considering frictional rheology law. Main rheological parameters are back-calculated using also ...
    debris flow, modelling, SPH code, DEM
    ... previous models made using Voellmy (1955) rheology. Final depths in deposition zone are deeper than estimated depths using ERT and comparing DTMs from different sequences showing approximately 15 m difference in deposition zone (Krušić et al, 2019). In effect it can be concluded that the simulation model ...
    ... Voellmy rheology assumptions like RAMMS software. In this paper research are focusing particularly on the process of debris flowing from initiation zone to main deposition area using Geoflow SPH two-phase model considering frictional rheology law. Main rheological parameters are back-calculated using ...
    ... field investigation and high resolution Digital Terrain Model (DTM), also. Final models show accurate results comparing to the depths in deposition zone, but actual run-out distance of debris flow was longer than the measured run-out distance obtained by the SPH simulation model. Also, simulation results ...

  • Geneza i uslovi cirkulacije voda kompleksnih karstnih sistema Kučajsko-Beljaničkog masiva

    Ljiljana M. Vasić (2017-07-14)
    postupaka koji je primenjen u cilju definisanja zona prihranjivanja i veze izmeđupodzemnih i površinskih voda, vremena koje voda provede u podzemlju, pri čemu seformira jedinstven hemijski sastav i temperaturni režim isteklih voda, bili su polaznaosnova za usmerenje na istraživanje karsta i definisanje teme doktorske disertacije.Kučajsko-beljanički masiv se nalazi u istočnoj Srbiji i pripada oblasti Karpatobalkanskogluka i idealan je poligon za istraživanje, obzirom da se u okviru njega nalazejaka karstna vrela i pojave toplih karstnih izvora na relativno malom rastojanju, ...
    karstni sistemi, geneza podzemnih voda, izotopske metode, starost voda,hidrogeohemijski procesi, dubina cirkulacije podzemnih voda, subtermalne i termalnevode
    ... radove, pr. jama Lipov deo), - izvorišne zone Živkove reke, - zone istočno od Panjevca, Ljiljana M. Vasić Doktorska disertacija 88 - zone jugoistočno od Sisevca, - zone između Velike i Petrove reke, - zone između valja Rnža i Zlota, - zone između Male Tisnice i Valja Strža. ...
    ... Utvrđivanjem zona sanitarne zaštite u karstu bavio se veliki broj istraživača i naučnika, pa tako Stevanović (1991) izdvaja: • Zonu neposredne zaštite, odnosno zonu neposrednog zaleđa sa zonom isticanja • Zonu celog slivnog područja Milanović P. (1999) pak izdvaja četiri zone zaštite, koje se ...
    ... velikih voda, sprovode vodu do prelazne zone. Prelazna zona predstavlja zonu u okviru koje dolazi do formiranja podzemnih voda, dok u zoni aktivne cirkulacije, voda usporeno i sifonalno cirkuliše kroz pukotine. Ovu teoriju kasnije Rižikov (1954) podržava, a zone definiše kao vertikalnu, horizontalnu ...

  • Горњокредне творевине северозападне Србије

    Bojan M. Glavaš-Trbić (2013-11-26)
    У раду су приказане палеогеографске карактеристике и геотектонски положајширег подручја (Јадарског блока и Вардарске зоне) које су утицале на условеталожења, односно карактеристике горњокредних творевина на простору данашњесеверозападне Србије.Описани су карактеристични локални геолошки стубови уз приказ њиховихлитолошких, биостратиграфских и седиментолошких карактеристика. При томе сукоришћена досадашња сазнања о предметном простору изложена у домаћим радовима,и извршена је компарација и корелација са подацима суседних терена, ширеперитетиског ареала.Истраживања у првој фази су вршена на међусобно удаљеним и релативномалим профилима – често само ерозионим крпама ...
    горња креда, стратиграфија, микрофосили, макрофосили, Јадарскиблок-Вардарска зона, СЗ Србија

  • Kristalografsko proučavanje strukturne desimetrizacije granata grosularsko-andraditske izomorfne serije

    Pavle I. Tančić (2016-09-21)
    U ovoj Doktorskoj disertaciji proučavano je pet različitih zona makroskopski zonarnog grandita sa lokaliteta Meka Presedla (Kopaonik, Srbija). Pomoću hemijske i elektronske analize mikroprobe preračunati su relativno visoko homogeni sastavi zona, t.j.: Grs64±1Adr36±1Sps2 (A), Grs62±1Adr38±1Sps2 (B), Grs59±2Adr40±2Sps2 (C), Grs58±2Adr41±2Sps2 (D) i Grs58±1Adr41±1Sps2 (E). Glavne promene u sastavima izražene formulom: Ca2,93-2,97Mn0,05-0,06Mg0,00-0,01Al1,14-1,26Fe3+0,72-0,83Ti0,00-0,02Si2,97-3,02O12 ukazuju da je jedina značajnija varijacija ustanovljena samo kod Al-Fe3+ raspodela u oktaedarskom položaju. Ovakav hemijski sastav je potvrđen i sa matematičkim proračunima iz IC i Raman analiza. Urađena ...
    Macroscopically zoned grandite, chemical analysis, electron microprobe analysis, Raman, Rietveld, structure, dissymmetrization, space group

  • Evidence of Variscan and Alpine tectonics in the structural and thermochronological record of the central Serbo-Macedonian Massif (south-eastern Serbia)

    Milorad D. Antić, Alexandre Kounov, Branislav Trivić, Richard Spikings, Andreas Wetzel (2016)
    General Earth and Planetary Sciences
    ... the Vrvi Kobila shear zone (Fig. 2). It was previously considered as a pre-Mesozoic west-vergent thrust juxtaposing the Vlasina Unit over the Lower Complex (Vukanović et al. 1973; Krstić and Kara- mata 1992), or, alternatively, as a post-Late Cretaceous dextral shear zone (Kržutner and Krstić ...
    ... also observed. Vrvi Kobila area Previous studies in the Vrvi Kobila area describe a 3-km- thick zone of intensive deformation, composed of phyllon- ites and mylonites (Vrvi Kobila fault zone, Petrović et al. 1973), along which the Vlasina Unit has been thrust onto the Lower Complex (Dimitrijević ...
    ... area suggest the existence of a major ductile east-dipping shear zone with top-to-the-east to south-east sense of tectonic transport (Fig. 6). How- ever, our observations also show that the hanging wall of the Vrvi Kobila shear zone is predominantly composed of two-mica gneiss and mica schists ...

  • Paleomagnetic study of Jurassic-Early Cretaceus sediments in the Danibicum of Eastern Serbia

    Vesna Cvetkov, Emo Marton, Vesna Lesić, Dragana Tomić (2015)
    ... opštem srednjem pravcu za Vardarsku zonu, sugerišući da su ove dve oblasti mogle zajedno učestvovati u CW rotaciji od oko 40° u vreme posle donjeg miocena. U cilju podrške ovog zaključka, planiraju se buduća istraživanja u oblasti koja se nalazi između Vardarske zone i Danubikuma. PALEOMAGNETIC ...
    ... similar to those for the Vardar zone suggesting that these two areas could have participated in a CW rotation of around 40° together, in post Early Miocene times. In order to support this conclusion, we plan to extend the research to the area situated between the Vardar Zone and the Danubicum. References: ...
    ... 2. Lesić, V., Márton, E., Cvetkov, V., Tomić. D., 2011: Paleomagnetism of the Latest Oligocene – Miocene extrusive igneous rocks from the Vardar zone and from the Serbian part of the Pannonian basin. The 4th international workshop on the Neogene from the central and south-eastern Europe, Abstracts ...

  • Application of Expansive Mortars for the Formation of Artificial Screens During Blasting in Urban Areas

    Milanka Negovanović, Lazar Kričak, Stefan Milanović, Nikola Simić, Jelena Majstorović (2024)
    During construction of buildings in urban areas, sometimes there is a need to blast solid rock mass in the immediate vicinity of the surrounding buildings. In that case, the aim is not only to increase the efficiency of blasting, but also to reduce harmful effects of ground vibration induced by blasting. At the same time, it is very important to protect the buildings located in the safe zone from the blast site as well as remaining rock mass around ...
    expansive mortar, artificial screens, pressure, rock breaking, building foundation

  • Projected changes in air temperature, precipitation and aridity in Serbia in the 21st century

    Boško Milovanović, Sebastian Schubert, Milan Radovanović, Vesna Ristić Vakanjac, Christoph Schneider (2021)
    У овој студији се испитују пројектоване промене средњих месечних и годишњих температура ваздуха, количине падавина и Де Мартоновог индекса аридности у Србији у 21. веку. У ту сврху статистички је моделована просторна дистрибуција температуре ваздуха и количине падавина на основу података 64 климатолошке станице и 421 падавинске станице за период 1976–2005 применом вишеструке линеарне регресије. Де Мартонов индекс аридности се израчунава из просторно распоређених података. Да бисмо добили регионалне просеке и варијабилност, Србију делимо на три поддомена: западну зону ...
    21 век, температуре ваздуха, климатске промене, Де Мартонеов индекс аридности, падавине, Србија

  • Definisanje specifičnih uslova dreniranja podzemnih voda na karstnim vrelima Krupac 1 i 2

    Kristina Gavrilović (2024)
    Izvorište Krupac se nalazi u jugoistočnom delu Srbije, u blizini grada Pirota i deo je sistema za vodosnabdevanje grada i okolnih mesta. Vrela Krupac 1 i Krupac 2 su gravitaciona karstna vrela, locirana na kontaktu jursko-krednog kompleksa stena sa neogenim naslagama Pirotske kotline, čije su specifičnosti uslova dreniranja, kao i uslova cirkulacije, ispitane hidrohemijskim i izotopskim metodama, kao i opitom obeležavanja ponora Golema dubka. Ustanovljeno je da se radi o mladim vodama i sistemu bez duboke cirkulacije podzemnih voda, ...
    izvorište “Krupac”, specifični uslovi dreniranja, karstna izdan, režim izdani
    ... Na izvorištu Krupac postoje dve zone karstnih kanala, od kojih je prva zona- zona plitkih kanala, utvrđena već pomenutim opitom obeležavanja, dok je druga zona- zona malo dubljih kanala utvrđena metodom plemenitih gasova. U najplićim sistemima kanala (I zona), voda se zadržava kraći vremenski ...
    ... izdvaja tri zone u okviru karstnog sistema, sa aspekta povoljnosti kvalitativnih karakteristika podzemnih voda: 1. Prva zona - zona brze cirkulacije podzemnih voda i najmanje je povoljna sa aspekta hidrohemijskih karakteristika voda, kao i uslova za zaštitu; 2. Druga zona — zona usporene vodozamene ...
    ... istražnom području izdvojene su tri tektonske celine (Slika 3.1.): • Staroplaninsko područje sa Visočkom zonom • Timočka zona • Suvoplaninska zona Staroplaninsko područje sa Visočkom zonom- Ovo područje pripada delu staroplaninske antiklinale, pravca pružanja scver, severozapad- jug, jugoistok ...

  • Anisotropic grossular–andradite garnets: Evidence of two stage skarn evolution from Rudnik, Central Serbia

    Bojan Kostić, Danica Srećković-Batoćanin, Petyo Filipov, Pavle Tančić, Kristijan Sokol (2021)
    This paper presents LA-ICP-MS data for garnets from the Rudnik skarn deposit (Serbia), which range from Grs45–58Adr40–52Alm2–3 in the core and Adr70–97Grs2–29Sps1 in the rim displaying anisotropy and zoning. In spite of wide compositional variations the garnets near the end-member of andradite (Adr > 90) are generally isotropic. Fe-rich rims exhibit LREE depletion and flat HREE pattern with weak negative Eu anomaly, including higher As and W contents. On the other side, the Fe-poorer core shows flat REE pattern ...
    grandite, garnets, skarn, Rudnik
    ... 2017). The Sava Zone (suture zone) separates the Carpatho–Balkan orogen (a part of the Dacia Mega-unit and Tisza), from the southerly and wes- terly Adria derived thrust sheets, namely the Dinarides (Pamić & Šparica 1983; Haas & Péró 2004). Trending NNE from Belgrade the Sava Zone is mostly represented ...
    ... Different zones during garnet growth display specific REE variations between different BSE coefficients in garnet grain. Fe-richer rim zone (BSE light zone, Fig. 4) exhibits LREE depletion (La, Ce, Pr and Fig. 3. Obtained age for shallow volcanic body (SN-313) and dyke (SN-330) are shown on U–Pb ...
    ... GEOLOGICA CARPATHICA, 2021, 72, 1, 17–25 Nd) and flat HREE pattern, with Sm maximum and Eu nega- tive anomaly. On the other hand, Fe-poorer core zone (BSE dark zone, Fig. 4) shows a flat REE pattern without any signi- ficant enrichment or depletion. Studied garnet zones also show As, W, U, Th and Zr co ...

  • The Importance of Detailed Groundwater Monitoring for Underground Structure in Karst (Case Study: HPP Pirot, Southeastern Serbia)

    Marina Čokorilo Ilić, Ana Mladenović, Marina Ćuk, Igor Jemcov (2019)
    Geography, Planning and Development,Aquatic Science,Biochemistry,Water Science and Technology
    ... within the zone of observation well PP-3. Seepage of groundwater of elevated temperature was detected in step IV of groundwater level holding (Figure 4B). A stable water temperature regime at PP-3 (9.7 ◦C) indicated that the temperature rise at the control gate did not originate from this zone. The recession ...
    ... state of a discharged hydrogeologic environment in the central zone of the tunnel and the creation of quasi-natural conditions. As a result of rainfall, the groundwater level increased by 1 m at PP-3, which indicated a well karstified zone. In addition to the active hydraulic connection of the transported ...
    ... placed offline, the pressure stabilized again and the water from the tunnel seeped into the hydrogeologic environment within that zone. Analyses indicated a potentially unstable zone, which is under constant hydraulic load. . Figure 5. (a) Changes of groundwater level at PP-3 (b) Operating time—HPP work ...

  • 3D modeling and monitoring of karst system as a base for its evaluation and utilization: a case study from eastern Serbia

    Saša Milanović, Zoran Stevanović, Ljiljana Vasić, Vesna Ristić-Vakanjac (2013)
    Earth-Surface Processes, Geology, Pollution, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change

  • Post Early Miocenevertical-axis clockwise rotation in the West Vardar Zone of Serbia

    Vesna Lesić, Emo Marton, Vesna Cvetkov, Dragana Jovanović (2018)
    ... clockwise rotation in the West Vardar Zone of Serbia Vesna Lesić, Emo Marton, Vesna Cvetkov, Dragana Jovanović Дигитални репозиторијум Рударско-геолошког факултета Универзитета у Београду [ДР РГФ] Post Early Miocenevertical-axis clockwise rotation in the West Vardar Zone of Serbia | Vesna Lesić, Emo Marton ...

  • Exhumation history of the Juhor Mts. in central Serbia, the Northern Serbo–Macedonian Subunit

    Uros Stojadinovic, Hannah Pomella, Nemanja Krstekanić, Bojan Kostić, Maja Maleš, Nikola Randjelovic, Miloš Radonjić (2024)
    Northern Serbo–Macedonian Subunit, low-t thermochronology, kinematic analyses, extensional deformations

  • Inženjerskogeološka istraživanja za potrebe izgradnje tunela T1 na putnom pravcu Požega-Kotroman

    Andrija Popović (2024)
    Tokom izrade završnog rada korišćeni su podaci koje sam dobio u saradnji sa firmom „Saobraćajni institut CIP d.o.o.“, kao i ostala odgovarajuća stručna literatura.Osnovni cilj pisanja rada jeste definisanje određenih fizičko mehaničkih parametara i predlog podgrade i načina iskopa tunela na osnovu RMR klasifikacije.
    stenska masa, RMR klasifikacija, tunel, inženjerskogeološka istraživanja
    ... a koji su bili dostupni . 2.2 Inženjerskogeološko kartiranje terena u zoni tunela Tokom izvođenja terenskih istražnih radova izvedeno je i detaljno inženjerskogeološko kartiranje terena u zoni tunela. Kartiranje u široj zoni tunela Jje izvedeno kombinovanom metodom praćenja otkrivenih granica ...
    ... u široj zoni ispred i iza projektovanih tunela, tako da nisu od velikog značaja za uslove izgradnje tunela. Eluvijalno – deluvijalni sedimenti (el-dl) Predstavljaju padinske naslage različitog sastava i debljine. Njihova debljina u zoni tunela uglavnom iznosi 0.5-2.0m, osim u zoni izlaznih portala ...
    ... duboko ispod površine terena, sa visinom nadsloja >100m. Najviše kote terena su iznad središnjeg dela tunela TI u zoni vrha "Tošićev rid” i iznose oko 472 m n.v. Teren je u zoni tunela TI većinom prekriven kvartarnim eluvijalno-deluvijalnim pokrivačem debljine 1,0-2,0m, osim na izlaznom portalu ...

  • Influence of DEM resolution on numerical modelling of debris flows in RAMMS - Selanac case study

    Jelka Krušić, Biljana Abolmasov, Mileva Samardžić Petrović (2019)
    Debris flows induced by intensive rainfall represent very hazardous phenomena in many parts of the World. Methods for prediction of runout distance of flow like mass movements are different and depending on the input data, rheology, and available or appropriate numerical solution. However, sometimes it is not easy to obtain pre event and post event high-resolution data in the rural or mountainous area. Thus, the topology of terrain is the most important input parameter for the every real case ...
    tecišta, modeliranje, RAMMS, DEM
    ... 2007; Frank, 2017). As input, three quantities must be specified to perform a numerical calculation: (1) a digital elevation model (DEM), (2) source zone area and (3) model friction parameters. Pre- event DEM resolution characterizes the natural terrain surface geometry and it is therefore the most important ...
    ... triggered after extreme precipitation of about 230 mm over a period of 72 h in May 2014.The Selanac is a complex debris flow, with large depth in source zone (30m), and length of about 1.5km. First results were made using 30x30m DEM as input, and another with much more precise 5x5m DEM. New UAV scanning ...
    ... of tested area is shown on Fig.1. Figure 2 Geographical position of the Selanac case study Geological settings are very complex; initiation zone belongs to Jurassic ophiolites, while transportation and deposition area belongs to tectonic contact of Triassic limestones and magmatic rocks with ...